Abstract
A major issue facing the programming world today is the quick and efficient understanding of existing program code by programmers and software engineers. Visualization of concepts inherent in the program code is proposed as a new mechanism to facilitate program comprehension. The premise of this research is that program comprehension is primarily based on the reader's conceptual formation of program code fragments. This paper identifies two novel visualization models called the Program-Scientific and the Conceptual Crown Visualization models; and presents preliminary visualization studies based on understanding programs from data processing, parallel computing and high performance computing applications.